Juegos serios : 'Islands'
En anteriores artículos os hable un poco de los sesgos que muchos supuestos eruditos en colaboración con la prensa trasladan a la población acerca de los problemas derivados de los videojuegos e introduje como excepción los juegos destinados enfocados a buscar usuarios susceptibles de ludopatía.
Como decía una canción de Eric Clapton, todo depende de como lo uses. Esta semana como contrapunto y primer ejemplo del concepto de juego serio, os hablaré de 'Islands', un juego diseñado precisamente para usarse en terapia psicológica de ludópatas, entre otros.
Cuando hablamos de juego serio, estamos utilizando un término reciente. Acuñado en 2002 por la Serious Games Initiative, hace referencia a todos aquellos juegos cuyo propósito va más allá del simple entretenimiento. El contexto de juego serio es la matriz de donde derivan grupos más especializados como los juegos enfocados al cambio social (Games for Change) que tratamos profusamente en esta sección y los juegos usados en el campo de la salud (Games for Wealth).
Islands es una ambiciosa apuesta por la salud
Es en este último campo donde ubicamos una apuesta tan ambiciosa y atractiva como 'Islands'. Desde septiembre de 2010, el servicio de Psiquiatría del Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge utiliza regularmente, este videojuego como herramienta terapéutica.
Complementario al tratamiento psicológico, 'Islands' es empleado como parte de la terapia enfocada a trastornos de la alimentación, y en los casos de adicción patológica al juego.
La peculiaridad de 'Islands' es que a diferencia de otros precedentes de juegos aplicados al tratamiento de problemas emocionales y psicológicos, 'Islands' ha sido diseñado desde su misma concepción para su uso en la terapia psicológica regular de un trastorno específico.
'Islands' no es por tanto una simple prueba de concepto o una tentativa de aproximación caprichosa al campo de la salud mental. Su desarrollo ha durado 3 años y ha sido apoyado por el consorcio Playmancer, donde se agrupan científicos y técnicos de 6 países europeos.
Financiado por la Unión Europea,incluido en el 7º Programa Marco y el Instituto de Salud Carlos III, correspondiente al Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, esta apoyado por expertos clínicos como el Dr Fernando Fernandez Aranda, jefe de la unidad de trastornos alimentarios del Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, y la Dra Susana Jimenez Murcia, jefa de la unidad de Juego Patologico del mismo hospital.
Una isla que sabe lo que sientes
Para entender cómo funciona 'Islands' en el tratamiento, hay que añadir que además de presentar un entorno virtual bastante conseguido que recrea una isla y diversos puzzles y pruebas, viene con gadget incluido.
Islands complementa su jugabilidad clásica con biosensores que miden tanto la expresión facial, la voz y el estado de tensión emocional del jugador. Viendo conceptos como este quizás aparatos que cayeron en el olvido como el Vitality Sensor de Nintendo o los experimentos de la empresa Valve en crear este tipo de sensores a coste más económico no son ideas descabelladas.
La terapia consiste en jugar a 'Islands' con los electrodos conectados cual Kaneda de Akira. Empezaremos la partida en una isla desierta al más puro estilo de la serie Lost, el objetivo es sencillo, hay que escapar como sea del paraíso tropical. Entre las diversas pruebas hay una que consiste en bucear por el mar.
La peculiaridad es que 'Islands' reajusta su dificultad en función del estado anímico del jugador. Es decir, premia al jugador que se relaja y afronta las situaciones con calma y serenidad y penaliza al ansioso e impulsivo. Por ejemplo, en la prueba de buceo tendremos que mantener alta una barra de oxígeno. Si el jugador esta en estado de tensión o pretende ir muy rápido, la barra de oxígeno disponible bajará rápidamente.
Pasarse la fase es sanar
Este feedback se busca generando situaciones de juego donde el jugador, y a la vez paciente, sufre sensaciones de rabia, ira o frustración. Estas emociones y su gestión inadecuada son las que le empujan a desarrollar conductas patológicas en su relación con la comida o el juego compulsivo.
Para superar las diferentes fases y pruebas, el jugador de 'Islands' deberá intentar relajarse. Si le resulta imposible, el mismo juego conduce al personaje que controlamos a una zona específica donde puede relajarse. En esta zona las pruebas serán diferentes y estarán enfocadas a que pueda controlarse.
Para entender el efecto terapéutico de 'Islands' hay que comentar que tanto los trastornos alimentarios como la bulimia o la adicción al juego tienen un fuerte componente impulsivo. Así pues, el objetivo de este juego serio es buscar el aprendizaje del jugador por encima de obtener puntuaciones y logros.
Exitoso, pero solo para jóvenes
Los jugones voluntarios que han usado 'Islands' durante sus sesiones lo han hecho en el marco de lo que se denomina terapia cognitivo conductual. En este enfoque se considera a la conducta como algo totalmente aprendido y que está influido en su totalidad por la manera en que la persona interpreta el mundo.
En un primer estudio realizado con 60 personas se demostró la buena elaboración de 'Islands' y que la idea a implementar era correcta. Los pacientes a los que iba enfocado, tenían respuestas fisiológicas y emocionales superiores a sujetos no diagnosticados. Eso si, 'Islands' por el momento solo se ha utilizado con personas en la franja de edad de los 18 a los 35 años, dado que son las más familiarizadas con el concepto de jugar a videojuegos.
Dados los buenos resultados obtenidos, 'Islands' se empleará posteriormente en el tratamiento de otras patologías relacionadas con la impulsividad como los trastornos obsesivo-compulsivos y la compra patológica.
Quien iba a decir que unos astutos investigadores iban a convertir un logro tan pírrico como finalizar un juego, en algo tan trascendente como mejorar tu salud mental. ¿Y vosotros, encontráis interesantes apuestas así? O más bien vuestra opinión sería que os están tomando el pelo?
Social
[...] el ámbito hospitalario, los videojuegos como herramienta educativa, de ocio y socialización, los "serious games", los juegos sociales como terapia para personas con Autismo de Alto Funcionamiento y Asperger, la [...]
Buenas, ¿este juego está o saldrá a la venta?
[...] Islands: Videojuego creado para el Hospital Bellvitge de Barcelona. Está diseñado para tratar la ludopatía y trastornos alimentarios. El protagonista debe conseguir salir de una isla, enfrentándose a diferentes retos mediante los cuales sólo puedes avanzar si demuestras poseer capacidad de autocontrol. [...]
2organise
Buenas tardes, tienes más información de este juego, donde comprarlo .
Saludos
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